Corruption, and self-interest within the bureaucracy, along with nepotism and favouritism is plaguing society, particularly in Pakistan. Corruption has hindered Pakistan’s economic growth, preventing the maximisation of societal welfare. In contrast to the UK, where stable economic development is supported by robust institutions and a transparent government, Pakistan faces challenges due to severe corruption which hampers its progress and worsens socioeconomic disparities.
The corruption perception index is a significant contrast between Pakistan and the UK. Pakistan is positioned as the 140th most corrupt country out of 180 nations in Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) 2023, signalling a significant issue with corruption. On the other hand, the UK holds the 18th position, indicating a comparatively low corruption rate. This distinction is essential in determining the economic performance of each country.
Corruption in Pakistan impacts nearly all aspects of government and society. Government officials and politicians frequently engage in corrupt behaviour, including misuse of public funds, taking bribes, and giving contracts based on personal relationships instead of qualifications. This extensive corruption results in ineffective use of public funds and a lack of investments in essential sectors such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure. Therefore, the nation’s economic expansion is hindered, as the World Bank stated a GDP growth rate of only 0.29% in 2023. On the other hand, the UK, which has a government that is more open about its operations, experienced a 1.3% increase in GDP in the same year.
Corruption has a particularly significant impact on the poorer, more deprived population in Pakistan. When corrupt officials divert public funds intended for the people of Pakistan , the most vulnerable populations are left without necessary services. For example, corruption significantly impacts Pakistan’s education system, as seen in reports of “ghost schools” that are only on record while their funds are stolen. This results in decreased literacy levels and diminished chances for poorer individuals to break free from the cycle of poverty. UNICEF reports show that Pakistan has a literacy rate of approximately 59%, which is much lower than the UK’s 99%, indicating that corruption plays a crucial role in promoting inequality in the education system.
Corruption in Pakistan deepens socioeconomic inequalities by fostering a system where wealth and opportunities are hoarded by a small, privileged group. Those at the top regularly benefit from corrupt practices, can access superior education, healthcare, and business opportunities, leaving the vast majority of people to struggle with basic needs. In contrast, while socioeconomic inequalities also exist in the UK, the country’s credited trustworthy institutions and social welfare programs help to ease these disparities, promoting a more equitable distribution of wealth.
As Imran Khan, former Prime Minister of Pakistan, once said, “Unlike theft, corruption is like a cancer that afflicts a nation and destroys it, robbing it of development and investment.”
This statement underscores the profound impact corruption has on Pakistan’s economic and social fabric. Until Pakistan can tackle its corruption problem, the country will continue to face slow economic growth and widening socioeconomic inequalities, particularly when compared to countries like the UK, where equality and accountability are the basis of governance.
In conclusion, corruption in Pakistan is a major barrier to economic development and social equality. While the UK benefits from trustworthy and fair institutions that promote growth and opportunity for all, Pakistan’s struggle with corruption keeping it trapped in a cycle of poverty and inequality. Addressing this issue is crucial for Pakistan’s future, as a more transparent government could pave the way for more equitable and sustained economic progress.
Written by Rayan Shaikh
Produced by Madhav Bhimjiyani